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The method of calculating electrodynamic forces in the windings of power distribution transformers using simulation and field models

I.S. Snitko, A.I. Tikhonov, V.E. Rozin, A.A. Bashlachev

Vestnik IGEU, 2026 issue 3, pp. 59—67

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Abstract in English: 

Background. Currently, the mechanical stresses in the windings of transformers are determined in accordance with the guidance documents for the windings of powerful power transformers made of round and rectangular cross-section conductors. The main disadvantage of the current technique is the approximate consideration of geometric features and failure to use it for tape windings. An urgent task is to develop a methodology to calculate electrodynamic forces in foil windings of power distribution transformers, which make it possible to determine the radial forces arising from the flow of short-circuit currents, taking into account the effect of current displacement on the surface of the ribbon conductor.

Materials and methods. The finite element method has been used to calculate the magnetic field in a 2D setting and solid mechanics in a 3D setting, as well as simulation methods based on circuit theory using the MatLab Simulink package.

Results. A method is proposed to calculate the electrodynamic resistance of the ribbon windings of power transformers in case of a short circuit. This method makes it possible to determine both mechanical stresses and deformations of the windings, taking into account the effect of current displacement in the ribbon conductor, as well as the uneven distribution of induction over the height of the conductor. The technique has been tested on a real dry-type power transformer.

Conclusions. The developed technique can be used as a subsystem for extended verification calculations at the design stage of power transformers, as well as an element of a diagnostic system.

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Key words in Russian: 
распределительный трансформатор, имитационное моделирование, электродинамические усилия, динамическая стойкость, короткое замыкание
Key words in English: 
distribution transformer, simulation modeling, electrodynamic forces, dynamic stability, short circuit
The DOI index: 
10.17588/2072-2672.2026.3.059-067
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