Background. The Comprehensive State Program of the Russian Federation “Energy Saving and Improving Energy Efficiency” is approved by RF Government Resolution No. 1473 on 09.10.2023. It sets a goal to reduce the energy intensity of the GDP of the Russian Federation by 35% by 2035. The program requires the development of mechanisms of the use of goods, facilities and technologies of high energy efficiency, and the need to implement measures to reduce electricity losses. The 0,4–10 kV networks are the most numerous ones. These networks have the highest technical losses, on average 10–15 % with an unimproved level of 4–5 %. It is proposed to consider the introduction of energy efficient transformer technology to achieve the target indicators, reduce the energy intensity of Russia's GDP and electricity losses. The problem is that there are many 10/0,4 kV transformers, and their operating conditions and loads vary. The cost of such transformers is 15 % higher than traditional transformers. It means that widespread replacement will lead to a significant increase in the costs of grid companies and, thus to an increase in the cost of electricity tariffs. The purpose of this research is to synthesize and evaluate alternatives for implementing energy efficient transformers for rational selection of installation location, energy efficiency class and rated power under current limitation.
Materials and methods. To synthesize alternatives for implementation of energy-efficient transformers, the concepts of decision-making theory have been used. The authors have analyzed technical, economic and legal issues, and defined the features and limitations using a territorial network company LLC Zarinskaya Grid Company as an example. An assessment of synthesized alternatives has been used based on the indicators of effectiveness of implementation, energy loss savings, the amount of payment for these losses and the payback period. Initial data and technical specifications are taken from open sources, current state standards and standards of organizations, as well as provided by manufacturers. The method of calculation of losses has been developed based on methodical instructions of the Ministry of Energy.
Results. The alternatives for implementation of energy-efficient transformers have been synthesized and evaluated. The obtained values of loss savings when replacing classic transformers with energy-efficient ones can be interpreted for other organizations. The values of savings of the payment for reduced losses for LLC Zarinskaya Grid Company have been obtained. The characteristics that influence the efficiency of implementation of energy-efficient transformers are identified.
Conclusions. The authors have made a conclusion that the efficiency of implementation of energy-efficient transformers depends on the charge tariff of energy losses, the load factor, the value of the characteristic and energy efficiency class. The most effective way is to replace transformers with higher power ratings and the highest possible load factor. The development of an algorithm to determine such transformers will significantly increase the effectiveness of implementation and reduce the payback period.